Steam-generator



(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 1.

H. L. WILSON.

-STEAM GENERATOR.

No. 499,816. Patented June 20, 1893.

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(No Model.)

H L WILSON STEAM GENERATOR.

No. 499,816. Patented June 20, 1893.

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( Model.)

Patented June 20, 18.93

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Patented June 20, 1893.

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HARRY L. \VILSON, OF ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA.

STEAM-GENERATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 499,816, dated June 20, 1893.

Application filed October 3. 1892. Serial No. 4471769. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HARRY L. W1LsoN,a citizen of the United States, residing at Erie, in the county of Erie and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Generators; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to steam generators, and consists in certain improvements in the construction thereof, as will be hereinafter fully set forth and pointed out in the claims.

My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings as follows:

Figure 1 is a perspective view in vertical section of a steam generator constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical section of one of my steam generators mounted in masonry. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the boiler. Fig. 4 is a view like Fig. 2, showing a modification in the method of setting the boiler. Fig. 5 is also a transverse sectional view, and shows the boiler made oblong in cross section.

In all the figures, there are arrows indicating the movement of the combustion through the boiler. 1

In Fig. 1 the boiler is shown as set in a water lined furnace that is connected with the boiler so as to afford circulation of water throughout the boiler and furnace lining, and a mud-drum is shown as it may be applied. In this figure the furnace is shown with stoking-doors on each side and the stack in the middle. Such a construction would be applicable for marine purposes.

In Fig.2 the boiler is shown set in masonry and with stoking-doors at one end of the furnace. The. stack will communicate with the upper chamber of the furnace at one end or elsewhere as desired.

In Fig. 4. the boiler is shown set in masonry with stoking doorsand fire on one side only, and the combustion passes up through one series of flue-tubes and down through the other series and then to the stack.

In Fig. 5, the boiler is oblong in cross sec tubes, and thence to the lower side of the boiler and thence up through the long fluetubes. The boiler here shown in this figure possesses all the general features common to the other illustrations, namely, it is a horizontal boiler having a parallel sided shell with convex heads that are stayed longitudinally as in the other constructions, and it is supported in a furnace with its sides at an angle sufficiently near forty-five degrees to the vertical lines of the furnace and the flue tubes are arranged as in all the other-illustrations.

A noticeable feature of the invention is the construction of the boiler, and this feature is found in all the illustrations. It consists in forming the boiler substantially rectangular in cross section, thus makingits opposite sides parallel, and connecting the said opposite sides with flue-tubes in such a manner, as to not only afford the greatest possible area of heated surface, but also to thoroughly staybrace the said parallel sides. This will be further adverted to farther on.

The letters of reference marked on the drawings will be referred to in proper place in the following general description of theconstruction and operation.

The boiler shell, 0, substantially rectangular in cross section with rounded corners, and its opposite parallel sides are connected by fire tubes,- 0 c c, &c. The tubes, 0, are arranged in sets, those of each set lying in a common plane that cuts the boiler transversely, and the sets connecting two of the opposing sides of the. boiler alternate with those connecting the other two opposing sides; thus, as in Fig. 1, there are four tubes in each set; the first set connect lower right hand and the upper left hand sides of the boiler, while the second set connect the lower left hand and the upper right hand side and so on throughout the length of the boiler. The different sets of tubes are placed close'together and as they serve as stay-bolts, as well as tubes, the boiler is thoroughly braced against the action of contained steam along all its. flat surfaces.

The ends of the boiler, as seen in Fig. 3, are made convex, and are attached to the body of the boiler by flanges on the said ends, as commonly. There are no tubes extending from end to end of the boiler, but a stay rod, E, may be used. It longitudinal tubes were used, the heads of the boiler would require to convexin'g them and using a stay rod as shown; but to make the sides of the boiler sufficiently strong when parallel,as shown they must be thoroughly stayed, as I show them, or there must be an excessive thickness of material. The more thoroughly the sides of the boiler are stayed, the less weight of material may be used in them. HenceI have dispensed with longitudinal flues or tubes and use convex heads, and putin cross tubes throughout the entire length of the boiler, so as to thoroughly stay the sides from head to head. One of the results of this construction is that boilers of large superficial area may be made of sheets of metal no thicker than would be required for boilers of much less area that are cylindrical in form; or in other words, in boilers of the present construction, the metal plates of which they are formed do notrequire to increase in thickness as the size of the boiler increases, and consequently boilers of great capacity can be made at much less expense than when made as heretofore in cylindrical form, or square and not only is the first cost of the boiler less, but the handling, transporting and mounting are less expensive, and in marine use the tonnage of the vessel is economized.

Boilers of this form are intended to be mounted horizontally and should be placed as shown with their sides at or about fortyfive degrees to the vertical lines of the furnace, for this position gives equal ascension to all the lines, 0, and thebest exposure to the combustion, but it is also preferable as affording the best results as to means of support and as to steam space, when that space is within the boiler.

The angles of the boiler being curved as shown, and the cross tubes, 0, being only in connection with the parallel sides of the boiler, there is an angular space left at each corner of the boiler. The lower of these spaces will serve as a settling'space when no special mud drum is used, and the upper will receive adry pipe as shown at F in Figs. 1, 2 and 3.

The steam space, when in the boiler will be in the upper angle of the boiler and the dry pipe, F, when used, is contained within that space, and connection with the steam drum, G, is through that angle; and the mud drum, I-I, may be connected with the lower angle.

The means of support shown in Figs. 2 and I consider it important 4 are brackets, A, which are attached to the horizontal or. side angles of the boiler and set on the side walls, A of the furnace, and the pillars or partitions, A which supports the lower angle.

When the boiler is set in masonry, as 1n Figs. 2 and 4, I prefer to provide doors, A into the upper chamber, to afford access to the lines, 0, so they can be operated upon by a flue cleaner.

In Fig. 2, I show the stoking doors, D, at the end of the furnace, and in Fig. 1, the stoking doors, D, are on the'side. This is a mere matter of option, and will be governed by the existing conditions.

In Fig. 1, the boiler, O, is shown mounted in connection with a water lined furnace, A. The side supports, a are tubes, which connect the water space, a, of the furnace .A, with the water space of the boiler and tubes, a a, &c., connect the side water spaces, a, of the furnace together, so as to provide for perfect circulation. furnace, A, there are hand-holes, a oppos te the tubes, at and a so as to offer access for cleaning said tubes.

In the construction shown in- Fig. 1, the arch of the furnace is formed of a ser es of plates, A ,that are properly lined and hinged at the bottom to. the side walls, as at a, so they can be turned back, as shown by dotted lines, and thus aiford access to the flue-tubes, c, for cleaning them out. In this copstruction, I show two steam drums, G, with the smoke stack between them, and stoking doors, D, on both sides of the furnace. Such anarrangement will be desirable where the boiler is very long and wide in cross section.

I am aware that steam boilers have been heretofore made, having a rectangular combustion chamber therein with water tubes crossing the same in alternating sets, as for example,in Letters Patent No. 319,235, ofJune 2, 1885; No. 367,983, of August 9,1887; No. 380,746, of April 10, 1888, and No. 470,345, of March 8, 1892, but such constructions do not contain my invention.

I am aware that boilers have been made square in cross section with flat heads and with cross tubes and longitudinal tubes, as in English Patent No 2,018, of 1879, and therefore Ido not intend to be understood as claiming such a construction.

I am also aware of theconstruction shown in Letters Patent of the United States, No. 127,724, wherein is shown a boiler having upper and lower cylindrical chambers connected In the outer walls of the by an intermediate chamber that is substantially rectangular in cross section, and is provided with cross tubes substantially as herein shown, and I do 'not intend to be understood as claiming as my invention such a construction.

' What I claim as new is 1. In a steam generating boiler, the combination of a shell having four parallel sides a dry pipe, F, contained within one of theangular spaces formed by said flue tubes and the rounded corners of said shell.

3. In a steam-generator, the combination of a boiler, the shell of which is substantially rectangular in cross section, flue tubes connecting the opposite parallel sides of said shell, substantially as shown, supports forsaid boiler at the angles thereof, which hold the same with its sides at or about an angle of forty-five degrees to its vertical lines, a water lined furnace and tubes connecting the water space of said furnace with the water space of said boiler at the horizontal angles thereof.

4. In a steam generator, the combination of a boiler, the shell of which is substantially rectangular in cross section, flue tubes connectin g the opposite parallel sides of said shell substantially as shown, supports for said boiler' at the horizontal angles thereof which hold the same in the furnace with its sides at an angle to the vertical lines of the furnace and with its longitudinal axis parallel with the horizontal lines of said furnace, said supports, together with the vertical walls of the furnace, serving to direct the combustion through said flue tubes, and means in the walls of the furnace above said supports for affording access to the upper ends of said flue tubes. In'testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

HARRY L. WILSON. WVitnesses:

WM. P. HAYES, A. B. AITKEN. 

